This course provides a comprehensive overview of stem cell biology and regeneration processes across different organisms. The course covers fundamental concepts such as stem cell definition, embryonic and adult stem cells, and stem cell niches, then explores specific stem cell paradigms in both invertebrates (C. elegans, Drosophila) and vertebrates (hematopoietic, intestinal, neural, and other stem cell types). The course also examines regeneration processes in various organisms, the “stem cell theory” of cancer, methods for differentiating embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). Classes include lecture material supplemented by journal club sessions where students discuss primary research articles on stem cell-based therapies and cancer stem cells.
The Stem Cells and Regeneration course offers a comprehensive exploration of stem cell biology and regenerative mechanisms across diverse organisms. Students will learn about embryonic and adult stem cells, their defining characteristics, and the specialized microenvironments (niches) that regulate their behavior. The course progresses through detailed examinations of stem cell systems in both invertebrate models (C. elegans, Drosophila) and vertebrates, with particular focus on hematopoietic, intestinal, muscle, neural, and germline stem cells.
Building on this foundation, during the second half of the course we will explore regeneration, comparing the dominant regenerative processes observed in invertebrates (Hydra, Planaria) and vertebrates (zebrafish, amphibians). Students will examine the cellular mechanisms underlying regeneration, including dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation, and stem cell-based repair, while exploring the epigenetic regulation and positional information systems that govern these processes. The relationship between stem cells and cancer is also investigated through the “stem cell theory” of cancer, examining how normal stem cell mechanisms can be hijacked during malignant transformation.
The final portion of the course addresses applied aspects of stem cell biology, including methods for differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into specific lineages, the development of organoids, and the revolutionary technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Through lectures and journal club discussions of primary research articles, students can develop critical analytical skills while gaining insight into cutting-edge stem cell therapies and research.
This course overall highlights the connections between fundamental cellular and molecular biology with practical applications in regenerative medicine and disease treatment.
Upon completing the Stem Cells and Regeneration course, students will possess a comprehensive understanding of stem cell biology and regenerative processes, enabling them to define and distinguish between various stem cell types, explain niche structure and function across organisms, analyze regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways, and evaluate regeneration processes. Students will be able to critically assess the stem cell theory of cancer, describe methods for stem cell differentiation and organoid formation, explain iPSC technology principles, and analyze research literature in the field. These skills will allow students to integrate stem cell knowledge with broader concepts in developmental biology and medicine, preparing them to engage with both fundamental research questions and potential therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine.
At the end of the course, the learner will be able to:
– Define the concept of stem cells and distinguish between different types of stem cells (embryonic, adult, tissue-specific)
– Explain the structure and function of stem cell niches in various organisms and tissue types
– Compare and contrast stem cell regulation mechanisms across different model organisms (C. elegans, Drosophila, vertebrates)
– Analyze the role of key signaling pathways (Notch, Wnt) in stem cell maintenance and differentiation
– Distinguish between different modes of regeneration (morphallaxis vs. epimorphosis) and their mechanisms
– Evaluate the “stem cell theory” of cancer and its implications for cancer biology
– Describe methods for embryonic stem cell differentiation and organoid formation
– Explain the principles and applications of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) technology
– Critically analyze primary research literature in the field of stem cell biology and regeneration
– Integrate knowledge of stem cell biology with broader concepts in developmental biology and medicine
Some recommended (but not mandatory) reading:
– Lewis/Tickle/Martinez Arias (ed.): Principles of Development (6th ed.) – Chapter 8 (Cell differentiation and stem cells)
– Siddhartha Mukherjee: The Song of the Cell
– Alfonso Martinez-Arias: The Master Builder
The course format will be mainly lectures, with recommended reading. At the end of the course (if time allows) we will have a few journal club styled classes.
Transcript of records
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